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Agronomia (Engenharia Agronômica)
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Item BIOMETRIA DE Crotalaria spectabilis EM FUNÇÃO DA DENSIDADE DE SEMEADURA(UNIFEV, 2024) Carolina Corrêa BarrosCrotalaria spectabilis, a legume from the Fabaceae family widely used as green manure, is notable for its ability to fix high levels of nitrogen in the soil through a symbiotic association with bacteria from the Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium genera. With a deep taproot system, this species contributes to soil decompaction, improving aeration and water infiltration. Native to the Americas, C. spectabilis is an annual spring-summer plant that is also effective in reducing nematodes in agricultural areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of seeding density and spacing on C. spectabilis in terms of biometric variables related to plant development, under different plant populations. The experimental design was a randomized block design (RBD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications, with a 6x2 factorial scheme, totaling 48 plots. The plant populations per linear meter in the treatments were: 7, 11, 21, 27, 35, and 43. Evaluations were made on plant height at 50 and 150 days after sowing, stem diameter, disease incidence, and fresh and dry biomass of the aerial parts. The results from the analysis of variance showed significance for seeding density at both evaluation times for plant height. Regarding spacing, only disease incidence showed a significant difference. No significant differences were observed for fresh and dry biomass of the aerial parts. Despite some notable results, further studies are required under different study conditions.Item SACAROSE NA MITIGAÇÃO DOS EFEITOS DO ESTRESSE HÍDRICO NA CULTURA DO MILHO(UNIFEV, 2024) Rafael Paixão AlvesThe maize crop (Zea mays L.) cultivation is fundamental for global agriculture, facing significant challenges, among which water deficit stands out. This study aims to analyze alternatives for mitigating this water stress, addressing aspects such as the plant's physiological response, irrigation management and the adoption of sustainable practices. The justification lies in the growing demand for food and the need to increase the efficiency of water use in crops. The methodology involved a literature review and analysis of previous experiments, focusing on corn responses to different water regimes and management strategies, such as drip irrigation and the use of sucrose application. 16 pots of 8.18 dm³ were used, with substrate, which were randomly separated into the following treatments: 4 pots with water stress, 4 pots without water stress, 4 pots with water stress plus application of sucrose and 4 pots without water stress plus application of sucrose. The solution was 1 mol of sugar (320g) diluted in 1 liter of water. The results indicate that the application of efficient irrigation techniques and the use of sucrose increase the production of corn dry mass. The conclusions highlight the importance of implementing appropriate management practices to mitigate the effects of water deficit and ensure the sustainability of corn production in climate change scenarios.Item FONTES ORGÂNICAS E INORGÂNICAS DE ADUBAÇÃO: IMPACTO NO DESENVOLVIMENTO INICIAL DE ESPÉCIES DE PITAYA(UNIFEV, 2024) Giulia Stephany Almeida; Matheus Gomes GarciaThe pitaya is a fruit-bearing cactus that has been gammg increasing commercial relevance. lts organoleptic characteristics have made it more appealing for consumption, combined with changing dietary habits in society and advances in research and technology. However, the limited availability of studies focused on plant nutrition hinders its production potential. Hylocereus undatus is widely used in commercial plantations due to its high intemational demand and ease of management, while Hylocereus teruya has gained prominence for its rapid development and high productivity, proving to be superior. Both organic and inorganic fertilization provide favorable conditions for the initial development of pitaya. This study aimed to evaluate the initial development of pitaya species, observing the effect of fertilization with diff erent organic sources in combination with the recommended inorganic fertilization under field conditions. The experiment was conducted in the agricultura! area ofthe Votuporanga University Campus - UNIFEV. The propagative part ofthe plant is its stem, known as the cladode, which was transplanted 5 centimeters deep into planting holes. The propagules used were red pitaya seedlings with white pulp (Hylocereus undatus) and red pitaya with reddish-pink pulp (Hylocereus teruya). The experimental design used was a Randomized Block Design (RBD). Soil analysis was carried out, along with organic fertilization (cattle manure -CM, filter cake and ash - FCA) and inorganic fertilization (monoammonium phosphate -MAP, urea - UR, and potassium chloride - KCl). Four treatments were applied to the two pitaya species: TI (MAP+UR+KCl); T2 (CM+MAP+UR+KCl); T3 (FCA+MAP+UR+KCl); T4 (CM+FCA+MAP+UR+KCl). Cattle manure (kg per planting hole), filter cake and ash (kg per planting hole), urea (g per planting hole ), MAP (g per planting hole), and potassium chloride (g per planting hole) were applied. The results of the variables were subjected to Scott-Knott analysis, which did not show statistical significance. However, all treatments demonstrated significant outcomes. The evaluated parameters were height, cladode diameter, number of areoles, and distance between areoles. Therefore, both organic and inorganic fertilization favored the development of Hylocereus undatus and Hylocereus teruya under field conditions. More satisfactory performance was recorded with the addition of organic fertilizers to the soil, highlighting the benefits in height growth and the number of areoles. Inputs from livestock and byproducts from sugarcane processing proved to be practical incentives for cultivating pitaya, as these activities are of great economic and occupational importance in the northwest region of São Paulo.
